Comparison of Various Minimally Invasive Techniques for the Management of Gingival Hyperpigmentation: A Case Report

Gingival hyperpigmentation is a condition wherein there is excessive deposition of melanin pigment, which is produced by the melanocytes of the gingiva. Gingival depigmentation is a periodontal surgical procedure whereby the pigmentation is removed or reduced by various surgical techniques that are associated with significant postoperative pain, bleeding, and recurrence. Laser ablation has been recognized as one of the minimally invasive, effective, comfortable, and reliable techniques for gingival depigmentation. The use of lasers has several advantages such as high patient compliance, short healing period, no or very slight pain, and hemorrhage. On the contrary, mesotherapy is a minimally invasive technique that uses fine-gauge needles to locally administer modest amounts of Vitamin C to the mesoderm layer to achieve cosmetic goals. Recently, some case studies have shown that ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) can be used in the management of gingival pigmentation. The objective of this case report is to compare the clinical efficacy of these two techniques for gingival depigmentation and to arrive at an effective minimally invasive alternative for gingival depigmentation.