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Cardiac catheterization is an invasive diagnostic technique used to identify and evaluate structural and functional diseases of the heart and major blood vessels. This technique diagnoses congenital heart disease, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and coronary spasms and assesses ventricular function. It helps guide treatment decisions, including the need for revascularization procedures like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and...
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Cardiac emergencies are critical situations involving the heart that require immediate medical intervention to prevent severe complications or death. These emergencies often arise from underlying heart conditions that impair the heart's ability to function correctly.Types of Cardiac EmergenciesThe most common types of cardiac emergencies include Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac arrest, and heart failure.Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)...
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Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
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Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
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Pediatric cardiac interventions: Innovations from India.

Mohsin Raj Mantoo1, Sivasubramanian Ramakrishnan1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Annals of Pediatric Cardiology
|December 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary

India faces a high burden of congenital heart disease (CHD) in children. Despite challenges, Indian pediatric cardiologists developed innovative, cost-effective interventions and indigenous devices for pediatric cardiac care.

Keywords:
ASD device closureKonar MF deviceMyVal transcatheter heart valvechildrendevice closure

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pediatric Interventions
  • Medical Device Innovation

Background:

  • India has a significant population of children with congenital heart disease (CHD).
  • Limited public health infrastructure, specialist shortages, and high costs impede access to comprehensive CHD care.
  • Despite challenges, Indian pediatric cardiologists have pioneered innovative solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight India's innovative contributions to pediatric cardiac interventions.
  • To showcase indigenous medical devices and novel techniques developed in India.
  • To discuss the impact of these innovations on managing pediatric heart conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of innovative pediatric cardiac interventions developed and implemented in India.
  • Highlighting indigenous device development (e.g., MyVal valve, Konar-MF occluder, Zephyr stents).
  • Discussion of established techniques like balloon atrial septostomy and percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy.

Main Results:

  • Development of cost-effective, indigenous devices for pediatric cardiac interventions.
  • Establishment of globally adopted techniques like balloon atrial septostomy.
  • Significant contributions to managing complex conditions such as sinus venosus ASD and aortoarteritis.
  • Successful adaptation of adult interventional cardiology techniques for pediatric use.

Conclusions:

  • Indian pediatric cardiologists have made substantial innovative contributions to managing congenital heart disease.
  • Indigenous devices and adapted techniques offer cost-effective solutions for pediatric cardiac care in India.
  • Continued innovation is crucial for addressing the burden of pediatric CHD in India and globally.