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Patient-Reported Distress in Individuals With Head and Neck Cancer.

Melissa C White1, Cheyenne Corbett2, Trinitia Y Cannon2,3

  • 1Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.

JAMA Otolaryngology-- Head & Neck Surgery
|December 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Distress is common in head and neck cancer patients. Unmarried status, emotional problems, and tobacco use significantly increase distress, independent of race.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Psychosocial Oncology
  • Health Disparities Research

Background:

  • Distress is prevalent in cancer patients, with mixed evidence regarding disparities.
  • Head and neck cancer (HNC) is emotionally distressing and characterized by disparities.
  • Understanding distress disparities in HNC is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate racial and sociodemographic factors associated with clinically meaningful distress in HNC patients.
  • To identify predictors of distress in a cohort receiving radiation therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 507 HNC patients treated with radiation therapy.
  • Clinically meaningful distress defined as a distress thermometer score ≥ 4.
  • Multivariable logistic regression analyzed sociodemographic and clinical factors, adjusting for problem list domains.

Main Results:

  • 45.8% of patients experienced clinically meaningful distress.
  • Race was not significantly associated with distress in the final model.
  • Unmarried status (aOR 1.61), emotional problems (aOR 2.03), tobacco use (aOR 2.14), and practical problems (aOR 2.08) were associated with increased distress.

Conclusions:

  • Distress in HNC is influenced by factors beyond race and sociodemographics.
  • Social and emotional support are vital for mitigating distress in HNC patients.
  • Further research should examine distress trajectories and their impact on HNC outcomes.