Advances in Osteoblast and Mitochondrial Dynamics and Their Transfer in Osteoporosis

Mitochondria are important organelles in the human body and play a major role in providing cellular energy, maintaining tissue homeostasis and apoptosis. Osteoporosis, characterised by a decrease in the amount of bone tissue per unit volume, is a metabolic bone pathology with multiple causes. Under pathological conditions, mitochondrial dysfunction leads to an imbalance in mitochondrial homeostasis, resulting in a disruption of osteoblast-osteoclast homeostasis, which in turn disrupts bone homeostasis, and this disruption of homeostasis is an important pathogenetic mechanism underlying chronic metabolic bone disease in osteoporosis. Numerous studies have shown that bone homeostasis is closely related to mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial translocation in the mitochondrial quality control system, and the balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts is closely related to osteoporosis. In this review, we describe the progress of osteoblast and osteoclast research and mitochondrial dynamics in osteoporosis, and the role of mitochondrial translocation in bone homeostasis, in the hope that it can stimulate new research in osteoporotic metabolic bone disease and the development of novel therapeutic strategies.