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Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Fruit Volatile Analysis Using an Electronic Nose
Published on: March 30, 2012
Early prediction of ochratoxigenic Aspergillus westerdijkiae on traditional Italian caciocavallo during ripening
Salvatore Cervellieri1, Francesco Longobardi2, Antonia Susca1
1Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via G. Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy.
Abstract:
A rapid and non-invasive mass spectrometry-based electronic nose (MS-eNose) method, combined with chemometric analysis, was developed for the early detection of Aspergillus westerdijkiae on caciocavallo cheeses during ripening process. MS-eNose analyses were carried out on caciocavallo inoculated with ochratoxin A (OTA) non-producing species and artificially contaminated with A. westerdijkiae, an OTA producing species. Two classification models, i.e. PLS-DA and PC-LDA, were used to discriminate cheese samples in two classes, based on their contamination with toxigenic or non-toxigenic fungal species. Accuracy values were between 87 and 100 % and 86-100 %, in calibration and validation, respectively, with best results obtained at 15-ripening days with 98 % (PLS-DA) and 100 % (PC-LDA) of accuracy in validation. Moreover, eighteen potential volatile markers of the presence of A. westerdijkiae were identified by GC-MS analysis. Results show that MS-eNose represents a useful tool for a rapid screening in preventing A. westerdijkiae and related OTA contamination in caciocavallo cheese during ripening process.
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