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Shelters in Alpine Rescue: Can They Create a Comfortable Zone at the Deployment Site?

Willi Troeger^1,2, Manuel Winkler^1,2, Markus Isser²

¹Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

Wilderness & Environmental Medicine

|December 20, 2024

Summary

Lightweight shelters improve comfort for mountain rescue teams during alpine operations. These polyester shelters enhance physical comfort and working conditions, even with rising temperatures and carbon dioxide levels.

Keywords:

Basic Life Support alpine accidents emergency medicine emergency shelter high altitude hypothermia mountain rescue

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Area of Science:

Environmental Medicine
Wilderness Medicine
Emergency Medicine

Background:

Lightweight polyester shelters are vital for mountain rescue but their impact on rescuer stress is understudied.
Understanding the physical and psychological effects of shelter use in alpine environments is crucial for operational efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the environmental conditions and subjective experiences of rescuers using lightweight shelters during simulated alpine rescue operations.
To evaluate the impact of these shelters on physical comfort and working conditions in a challenging terrain.

Main Methods:

A prospective observational study involving 48 experienced rescuers performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation training in an alpine shelter.
Objective measurements included temperature, moisture, carbon dioxide, and oxygen levels within the shelter.
Subjective rescuer experiences were gathered via questionnaire assessing stress, comfort, and environmental factors.

Main Results:

Shelter temperature increased by over 15°C during a 15-minute resuscitation exercise.
Carbon dioxide levels rose, reaching a maximum of 0.97 vol%, while oxygen levels varied significantly with supplemental oxygen use.
The majority of participants found the physical comfort and spatial conditions within the shelter to be convenient.

Conclusions:

Alpine shelters enhance physical comfort for mountain rescue personnel during operations.
Rescuers generally reported positive experiences and high ratings for working conditions inside the shelters.
The study indicates that these shelters are beneficial for improving the immediate working environment in alpine rescue scenarios.