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Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults: A Mono-Center Retrospective Study
Farzin Khorvash1, Atousa Hakamifard1, Ali Esmaeili Sharif1
1Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Tanaffos
|December 20, 2024
Summary
Influenza H1N1 2009 was the leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia hospitalizations. Dangerous staphylococcal pneumonia requires prompt, specific treatment, and tuberculosis should be considered in diagnoses.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a significant cause of hospitalization and mortality in adults.
- Accurate identification of causative microorganisms is crucial for effective CAP management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the etiologic agents responsible for adult community-acquired pneumonia.
- To analyze the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with CAP.
- To determine the microbial causes associated with mortality in CAP patients.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study design.
- Retrospective review of microbiologic test results (excluding serology and urinary antigen) from adult CAP patients hospitalized during 2018-2019 cold seasons.
- Analysis of patient demographics, clinical data, and mortality.
Main Results:
- Influenza H1N1 2009 was the most frequent pathogen (33.4%), followed by Tuberculosis (17.9%).
- Other identified agents included Candida Yeast (7.8%), Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Epidermis (6%), and Klebsiella Pneumonia (4.3%).
- Higher body mass index correlated with superimposed infections; staphylococcal pneumonia, particularly MRSA, showed high mortality.
Conclusions:
- Influenza H1N1 2009 is a primary cause of CAP, while Tuberculosis incidence is rising.
- Community-acquired staphylococcal pneumonia is highly dangerous, necessitating prompt, protocol-based treatment.
- Inclusion of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Tuberculosis in differential diagnoses is recommended; individualized antibiotic therapy for obese patients is advised.
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