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Transtubular Endoscopic Posterolateral Decompression for L5-S1 Lumbar Lateral Disc Herniation

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Breast-Related Herniation: A Call for Multidisciplinary Awareness and a Proposal for a Classification.

Rami Yaghan^1,2, Nehad M Ayoub³, Lamees R Yaghan⁴

¹Department of Surgery, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, BHR.

|December 20, 2024

Summary

Breast-related herniation (BRH) is poorly defined, encompassing diverse conditions from congenital disorders to complications of breast cancer treatment. This review proposes a new classification to improve understanding and multidisciplinary care for these hernias.

Keywords:

breast cancer breast herniation breast infection classification hernia tuberous breast yaghan hernia

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Published on: May 17, 2024

Area of Science:

General Surgery
Plastic Surgery
Oncology

Background:

Breast-related herniation (BRH) lacks a universal definition, leading to clinical vagueness.
BRH encompasses a spectrum from congenital anomalies to acquired conditions linked to breast diseases.
Existing literature and clinical experience highlight the need for a structured classification.

Purpose of the Study:

To enhance multidisciplinary awareness of breast-related herniations.
To review existing literature and clinical cases of BRH.
To propose a novel classification system for BRH.

Main Methods:

A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed and Scopus.
Herniation disorders related to the breast in any clinical or pathological aspect were identified.
A classification system was developed based on anatomical and clinicopathological features.

Main Results:

Twelve distinct groups of BRH were identified and categorized into pectoral and extra-pectoral types.
Pectoral BRH includes congenital, pulmonary, factitious, and iatrogenic subtypes.
Extra-pectoral BRH encompasses abdominal wall hernias post-autologous breast reconstruction and herniated siliconomas.

Conclusions:

A proposed classification divides BRH into pectoral and extra-pectoral categories with specific clinicopathological subcategories.
Congenital and pulmonary BRHs were most common in the study cohort.
Abdominal wall hernias post-autologous breast reconstruction, pulmonary BRH, and factitious BRHs are significant complications of breast cancer treatment, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach.