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Multi-modal Pulmonary Imaging: Using Complementary Information from CT and Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI to Evaluate Lung Structure-Function
Published on: April 12, 2024
531
New frontiers in asthma chest imaging
Alexander M Matheson1, Joseph Johnstone2, Peter J Niedbalski3
1Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|December 21, 2024
Summary
Pulmonary imaging reveals lung changes in asthma, offering sensitive biomarkers beyond traditional lung function tests. These advanced imaging techniques help identify patient subgroups and understand treatment responses, improving asthma management.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Radiology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Modern pulmonary imaging techniques offer detailed insights into lung pathologies in asthma.
- Traditional lung function measurements have limitations in capturing the full spectrum of asthma-related changes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the role and advancements of various imaging modalities in understanding asthma.
- To highlight the clinical implications of imaging-based biomarkers in asthma diagnosis and treatment.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS).
- Analyzing imaging-derived biomarkers such as airway dimensions, blood vessel volumes, mucus scores, ventilation defects, and air trapping.
- Comparing the sensitivity of imaging biomarkers with traditional lung function measurements.
Main Results:
- Imaging biomarkers demonstrate increased sensitivity compared to traditional lung function tests.
- Imaging is crucial for understanding the link between type 2 inflammation, eosinophilia, and mucus.
- CT and MRI can predict and explain patient response to anti-type 2 biologic therapies.
Conclusions:
- Pulmonary imaging provides a comprehensive toolkit for investigating asthma heterogeneity.
- Imaging aids in identifying patient subgroups who benefit from specific therapies and elucidating treatment mechanisms.
- Future applications include guiding airway therapies like bronchial thermoplasty and bronchoscopic interventions.
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