Persistent Median Artery and Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Retrospective Study

Area of Science:

• Anatomy
• Vascular Surgery
• Neurology

Background:

• Persistent median artery is a rare anatomical variant.
• Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common condition affecting the median nerve.
• The association between persistent median artery and CTS requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between persistent median artery and carpal tunnel syndrome.
• To identify factors influencing median artery thrombosis and bifid median nerve in CTS patients.
• To evaluate the utility of ultrasonography in predicting carpal tunnel anatomy.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective study of 25 patients with persistent median artery and CTS.
• Exclusion criteria included diabetes, rheumatoid diseases, and non-surgical candidates.
• Statistical analysis of variables including sex, electroneuromyography, profession, symptom duration, and age.

Main Results:

• Median artery thrombosis showed statistical differences based on sex, electroneuromyography findings, profession, and symptom duration.
• Bifid median nerve demonstrated statistical differences related to provocative tests, symptom frequency, and age.
• No statistical differences were found for thenar muscle atrophy.

Conclusions:

• Persistent median artery should be considered in the differential diagnosis of CTS.
• Ultrasonography is a reliable imaging modality for assessing carpal tunnel anatomy.
• Late symptom onset and duration may contribute to artery thrombosis and symptom exacerbation.