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Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study
Published on: February 2, 2017
Racial and ethnic disparities in the burden of non-obese type 2 diabetes using different anthropometric measurements
Junyu Sui1,2, Bei Wu1, Yaguang Zheng1
1Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY 10010, USA.
Aims:
Compare racial/ethnic disparities in the prevalence of non-obese type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the proportion of non-obese individuals among T2D patients.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study used ICD-9/10 codes to ascertain T2D. Participants were classified as non-obese by BMI (<25 kg/m2 for normal weight; <23 kg/m2 for Asian Americans), waist circumference (<102 cm for males, <88 cm for females), and waist-to-hip ratio (<0.9 for males, <0.85 for females). The statistical analysis used marginal standardization of predicted probabilities from multivariable logistic regression to calculate the prevalence.
Key Results:
Among 276,736 participants (mean age 51.7, 61.2% female), non-obese T2D prevalence varied: 6.85% (BMI), 4.17% (waist circumference), 3.63% (waist-to-hip ratio). Asian participants had the highest prevalence of normal-weight T2D (2.70% vs. 1.92% in White, OR 1.44, 95% CI: 1.22-1.69) and non-obese T2D by waist circumference (8.04% vs. 3.36%, OR 2.61, 95% CI: 2.35-2.89). Black participants had the highest prevalence using waist-to-hip ratio (5.37% vs. 2.91%, OR 1.91, 95% CI: 1.80-2.03).
Conclusion:
Asian Americans showed higher non-obese T2D prevalence by BMI and waist circumference, while Black adults had higher prevalence by waist-to-hip ratio, suggesting different fat distribution patterns.
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