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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Comparison of Three Clinical Stereoscopic Methods for Measuring Binocular Visual Function During Amblyopic Treatment in Unilateral Amblyopia
06:19

Comparison of Three Clinical Stereoscopic Methods for Measuring Binocular Visual Function During Amblyopic Treatment in Unilateral Amblyopia

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Patient-Reported Outcomes of Visual Disturbances with a Trifocal Intraocular Lens: A Meta-Analysis.

Dagny Zhu1, Suyen Karki2, Mukesh Dhariwal3

  • 1NVISION Eye Centers, Rowland Heights, CA, USA. dagny.zhu@gmail.com.

Ophthalmology and Therapy
|December 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Bilateral PanOptix IOL implantation for cataract surgery can cause visual disturbances like halos and starbursts. However, severe or bothersome symptoms are infrequent, affecting around 5% and 3% of patients, respectively.

Keywords:
Cataract surgeryPanOptix IOLPresbyopiaTrifocal IOLVisual disturbances

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Diffractive trifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) offer vision correction at multiple distances but may cause positive dysphotopsias.
  • This meta-analysis evaluates visual disturbances following bilateral implantation of the PanOptix (TFNTXX) IOL.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To pool and analyze published evidence on patient-reported visual disturbances after bilateral PanOptix IOL implantation.
  • To determine the incidence and severity of halos, glare, and starbursts post-surgery.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed and congress presentations (April 2021-December 2022).
  • Studies included patient-reported outcomes on visual disturbances after bilateral PanOptix IOL implantation.
  • Random-effects meta-analysis was used to calculate pooled proportions and 95% confidence intervals.

Main Results:

  • Eleven studies involving 580 patients with bilateral PanOptix IOL implantation were analyzed.
  • Pooled incidence: 33.6% experienced glare, 43.9% halos, and 30.4% starbursts.
  • Low percentages reported severe symptoms (glare 2.9%, halos 5.4%, starbursts 3.4%) or very bothersome symptoms (0.8%-2.6%).

Conclusions:

  • Halos are the most common visual disturbance after bilateral PanOptix IOL implantation.
  • Severe or very bothersome visual disturbances are infrequent, affecting approximately 5% and 3% of patients.
  • Findings aid clinical decision-making for IOL selection in cataract surgery.