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Cognitive Development During Adulthood

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Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...

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Updated: Jun 4, 2025

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance

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Understanding Cognitive Aging Through White Matter: A Fixel-Based Analysis.

Emma M Tinney^1,2, Aaron E L Warren³, Meishan Ai^1,2

¹Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Human Brain Mapping

|December 25, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Fixel-based analysis (FBA) of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) shows greater sensitivity than traditional methods for detecting age-related white matter changes and their cognitive impacts in older adults.

Keywords:

DWI aging cognitive decline fixel‐based analysis white matter

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Last Updated: Jun 4, 2025

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance

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Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

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Published on: November 8, 2012

Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Neuroscience
Radiology

Background:

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is crucial for studying age-related white matter changes and cognitive decline.
Traditional tensor-based analysis struggles with interpreting complex white matter structures like crossing fibers.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate if fixel-based analysis (FBA), a novel method, is more sensitive than tensor-based analysis for detecting age-related white matter changes and cognitive associations.
To investigate the relationship between white matter microstructure, aging, and cognitive performance in older adults.

Main Methods:

Studied 636 cognitively normal adults (aged 65-80) using diffusion-weighted MRI.
Employed fixel-based analysis (FBA) to assess fiber density and cross-section within voxels.
Compared FBA findings with traditional voxel-wise fractional anisotropy (FA) from tensor-based analysis.

Main Results:

FBA revealed significant associations between age and decreased fiber density/cross-section in the fornix, striatal, and thalamic pathways.
Lower fiber density and cross-section correlated with poorer processing speed and attentional control.
Tensor-based analysis failed to detect significant age- or cognition-related white matter changes.

Conclusions:

Fixel-based analysis (FBA) demonstrates superior sensitivity for detecting age-related white matter alterations in older adults compared to traditional tensor-based methods.
FBA can reveal clinically relevant links between white matter integrity and cognitive function, particularly processing speed and attention.