[Progress in the Application of Biochar in Constructed Wetland]

Constructed wetlands, serving as artificially simulated natural wetland water treatment systems, have emerged as effective technologies for ecologically treating wastewater. Biochar, a carbon material derived from biomass waste pyrolysis, possesses significant specific surface area, abundant functional groups, and high stability. The integration of biochar into artificial wetland systems enhances the removal efficiency of pollutants. This review explores various types of biochar utilized in artificial wetland technology and their impacts on pollutants. Moreover, the modification methods applied to biochar in artificial wetlands are summarized. The mechanisms underlying pollutant removal by biochar in artificial wetlands are elucidated. Concluding with an outlook on future research directions for biochar in artificial wetlands, this review aims to offer theoretical guidance for both research and engineering applications of biochar in this field.