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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2025

High-throughput Confocal Imaging of Quantum Dot-Conjugated SARS-CoV-2 Spike Trimers to Track Binding and Endocytosis in HEK293T Cells
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Electrostatic Interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and Charged Surfaces: Spike Protein Evolution Changed the Game.

Marc Domingo1, Horacio V Guzman1,2, Matej Kanduč3

  • 1Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.

Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling
|December 26, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The SARS-CoV-2 virus evolved. Early variants were repelled by charged surfaces, but Omicron variants strongly adsorb to negatively charged surfaces due to changes in Spike protein charge.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Biophysics
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Electrostatic interactions are crucial for SARS-CoV-2, influencing cell interactions and inactivation.
  • The Spike protein's charge and distribution evolved significantly across variants, from Wild Type (WT) to Omicron.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein electrostatic interactions with charged surfaces changed during virus evolution.
  • To analyze the behavior of WT, Delta, and Omicron variants concerning charged surfaces.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a novel method based on Debye-Hückel theory to compute electrostatic interactions.
  • Calculated interactions between WT, Delta, and Omicron Spike proteins and surfaces with varying charge densities (σ).

Main Results:

  • WT and Delta variants exhibited repulsive forces with charged surfaces, proportional to σ².
  • Omicron variant demonstrated strong attraction to negatively charged surfaces and repulsion from positively charged ones.

Conclusions:

  • SARS-CoV-2's electrostatic interaction with surfaces has shifted during its evolution.
  • The Omicron variant's distinct charge distribution facilitates efficient adsorption to negatively charged surfaces, unlike earlier variants.