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Related Concept Videos

Response Surface Methodology01:16

Response Surface Methodology

62
Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is a collection of statistical and mathematical techniques used to develop, improve, and optimize processes. It is particularly valuable when many input variables or factors potentially influence a response variable.
The process of RSM involves several key steps:
62

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Environmental analysis of returnable packaging systems in different eCommerce business and packaging management

Jonghun Park1, Zuha Waqar1, William Ralph Snyder2

  • 1The Creative School Toronto Metropolitan University Toronto Ontario Canada.

Journal of Industrial Ecology
|December 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Returnable packaging in Canadian eCommerce can have a higher environmental impact due to transportation distances, even with multiple reuses. The number of reuses and total trip distance are key factors influencing the environmental burden of reusable shipping containers.

Keywords:
closed‐loop supply chainseCommercelife cycle assessmentpackagingreusesustainability

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Supply Chain Management
  • Sustainable Packaging

Background:

  • Increasing e-commerce volume raises concerns about packaging waste.
  • Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is crucial for evaluating packaging sustainability.
  • Returnable packaging systems are being explored as an alternative to single-use options.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the environmental impact of two returnable packaging formats in the Canadian apparel e-commerce market.
  • To compare the environmental performance of returnable versus expendable packaging options.
  • To identify key factors influencing the environmental burden of returnable packaging.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted two Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) case studies for Canadian apparel e-commerce.
  • Compared expendable mailers/boxes with returnable mailers/boxes under centralized and decentralized models.
  • Performed comparative, contribution, and sensitivity analyses on environmental performance.

Main Results:

  • In Case Study 1 (centralized model), the returnable mailer showed greater environmental impact in 9/10 categories, primarily due to transportation length.
  • In Case Study 2 (decentralized model), the returnable box had a smaller impact in 6/10 categories, despite long shipping distances.
  • Environmental performance varied significantly based on reuse cycles and total transportation distance.

Conclusions:

  • The environmental benefit of returnable packaging is not guaranteed and depends heavily on logistics.
  • Total trip distance and the number of reuses are critical determinants of returnable packaging's environmental footprint.
  • Optimizing logistics is essential for the successful environmental implementation of returnable packaging systems.