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Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

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All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
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FOOD SECURITY OF THE POPULATION IN RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED TERRITORIES OF UKRAINE: HISTORICAL EXPERIENCE AND MODERN CHALLENGES AMID MARTIAL LAW.

Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii·2025
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STATUS AND RESULTS OF RADIATION-HYGIENIC MONITORING OF SETTLEMENTS IN RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED AREAS OF UKRAINE AT THE CURRENT STAGE OF THE CHORNOBYL ACCIDENT.

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METHODOLOGY OF RECONSTRUCTION OF INTERNAL DOSES FROM 137Cs AND 134Cs OF RESIDENTS OF RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED SETTLEMENTS IN UKRAINE NOT COVERED BY WBC MONITORING.

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ON THE METHODOLOGY OF PASSPORT DOSES CALCULATION FOR UKRAINIAN SETTLEMENTS RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED DUE TO THE CHORNOBYL NPP ACCIDENT.

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COMPLEX RADIATION AND HYGIENIC MONITORING OF POPULATION ON RADIOLOGICALLY CONTAMINATED TERRITORIES OF ZHYTOMYR OBLAST IN 2021.

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RETINA VESSELS CHANGES IN CHORNOBYL NUCLEAR POWER PLANT EMPLOYEES WHO EXPERIENCED LONG-TERM ABNORMAL RADIATION EXPOSURE AT THE WORKPLACE AS A RESULT OF THE OCCUPATION OF CHORNOBYL NUCLEAR POWER PLANT IN 2022.

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Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition
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STUDY OF DOSE FORMATION FOR THE POPULATION IN RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED AREAS OF ZHYTOMYR REGION BASED ON

V V Vasylenko1, M S Kuriata1, V V Morozov1

  • 1State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka Str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine.

Problemy Radiatsiinoi Medytsyny Ta Radiobiolohii
|December 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Radiation doses in Zhytomyr region decreased, with internal exposure from 137Cs in forest products and milk being the main concern for residents. Continued monitoring of these factors is crucial for public health in contaminated territories.

Keywords:
137Cs and 90Sr contentcomprehensive radiation and hygienic monitoringfoodinternal radiation doseradiologically contaminated territorieswhole body counter

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Radiological Protection
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Radioactively contaminated territories (RCT) pose ongoing radiation risks to populations.
  • Understanding internal radiation dose formation is critical for effective radiation hygiene.
  • Zhytomyr region, Ukraine, has areas requiring long-term radiation monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify key radiation-hygienic factors influencing population radiation doses in Zhytomyr region's RCT.
  • To analyze the trends in internal radiation doses from 2012 to 2024.
  • To assess current radiation exposure levels and dietary intake in affected settlements.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive radiation-hygienic monitoring in 11 settlements.
  • Whole-body counter (WBC) measurements for internal exposure assessment.
  • Radiochemical analysis of food samples (milk, potatoes, wild foods) for 137Cs and 90Sr.
  • External radiation exposure assessment and population surveys on food consumption.

Main Results:

  • Annual internal radiation doses have decreased significantly (1.3-2.4 fold reduction since 2021).
  • In 2024, internal exposure was the primary dose contributor, within regulatory limits (≤1.04 mSv/year for adults, ≤0.15 mSv/year for children).
  • 137Cs contamination is highest in wild forest products (berries, mushrooms), followed by milk from local farms, which are key dietary contributors to internal dose.

Conclusions:

  • The primary sources of internal radiation dose in the studied Zhytomyr region settlements are 137Cs intake from forest products and milk.
  • Dietary habits, particularly consumption of wild edibles and dairy, significantly influence internal radiation exposure.
  • Ongoing monitoring and targeted radiation protection measures are necessary for populations in radioactively contaminated areas.