ACUTE FORMS OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN THE NOSOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF HOSPITALIZATION OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN ALMATY CITY...

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Public Health
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Cardiovascular diseases are a leading global cause of death.
• Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the primary reason for cardiac emergency hospitalizations.
• Younger populations (18-44 years) show a significant rise in cardiovascular morbidity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the frequency and causes of hospitalizations among young patients over a five-year period.
• To investigate trends in acute coronary syndrome admissions in individuals aged 18-44.
• To understand the specific acute coronary artery disease (CAD) manifestations in young cardiac patients.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 1827 medical records from Almaty City Cardiology center (2018-2022).
• Study focused on hospitalization frequency, mortality rates, and specific reasons for admission.
• Data collection covered a five-year period to identify temporal trends.

Main Results:

• A notable increase in young patient hospitalizations was observed, peaking in 2019.
• Acute forms of coronary artery disease accounted for 36% of hospitalizations in this demographic.
• Acute transmural myocardial infarction of the left ventricle was identified as the predominant type of myocardial infarction.

Conclusions:

• Hospitalizations for acute coronary artery disease in young individuals showed an increasing trend.
• Acute coronary syndrome was the most frequent cause of admission.
• While unstable angina occurred more frequently than myocardial infarction, acute transmural myocardial infarction of the left ventricle suggests severe outcomes in this population.