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Contrast media-induced nephrotoxicity. Survey and present state
Investigative Radiology
|January 1, 1985
Summary
Contrast media can cause kidney problems, but the nonionic iohexol may be safer. Further human studies are needed to confirm reduced nephrotoxicity for contrast media in high-risk patients.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Radiology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Contrast media administration is associated with increasing reports of renal failure.
- Adverse effects on kidney function include altered renal blood flow, osmotic nephroses, and decreased glomerular filtration rate.
- Nonionic contrast media, such as iohexol, show potential for reduced nephrotoxicity in animal studies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the nephrotoxicity of the nonionic contrast medium iohexol compared to traditional ionic media.
- To assess the clinical evidence supporting the reduced adverse effects of iohexol on kidney function in humans.
Main Methods:
- Review of animal studies investigating the renal effects of iohexol.
- Analysis of three clinical studies examining iohexol's impact on renal function.
- Assessment of contrast media-induced nephrotoxicity parameters.
Main Results:
- Animal studies suggest iohexol has fewer adverse effects on kidney function than ionic contrast media.
- Clinical studies provide preliminary evidence for iohexol's effect on renal function.
- Definitive conclusions regarding human nephrotoxicity reduction require further investigation.
Conclusions:
- While animal data is promising, the nephrotoxicity of iohexol in humans remains to be definitively established.
- Further clinical trials are essential to confirm the safety profile of iohexol.
- Close monitoring of contrast media clearance is crucial for high-risk individuals.