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Employment Responses to a Partner's Disability Onset ("Care Shocks"): Do Working Conditions Matter?

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A partner's disability onset, a "care shock," significantly increases the likelihood of leaving paid work, especially for those with poor working conditions like high job demands and dissatisfaction.

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Area of Science:

  • Social Gerontology
  • Labor Economics
  • Health Economics

Background:

  • Partner disability onset, termed a
  • care shock,
  • can significantly impact an individual's employment status.
  • Working conditions, including job satisfaction and psychosocial demands, may influence employment decisions following such events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine employment responses to a partner's disability onset.
  • To investigate how working conditions moderate the impact of care shocks on labor market participation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized longitudinal, nationally representative data from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (n=1,020).
  • Employed a
  • care shock,
  • definition based on partner's reported difficulties in activities of daily living (ADL) or instrumental activities of daily living (IADL).
  • Combined coarsened exact matching, entropy balancing, and logistic modeling to assess work transitions.

Main Results:

  • Care shocks significantly increase the probability of individuals leaving paid work.
  • High job demands and job dissatisfaction exacerbate the likelihood of leaving paid work after a care shock.
  • Individuals with low job demands or high job satisfaction showed no significant change in work participation.

Conclusions:

  • Working conditions play a crucial role in moderating the employment effects of care shocks.
  • Adapting workplace policies and improving working conditions can support continued labor market participation for individuals experiencing care shocks, particularly in later career stages.