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Microwave-assisted Functionalization of Poly(ethylene glycol) and On-resin Peptides for Use in Chain Polymerizations and Hydrogel Formation

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Published on: October 29, 2013

Swelling Behavior of Anionic Hydrogels: Experiments and Modeling.

Raffaella De Piano¹, Diego Caccavo¹, Anna Angela Barba²

¹Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.

Gels (Basel, Switzerland)

|December 27, 2024

Summary

Anionic polyelectrolyte hydrogels show pH-dependent swelling, decreasing with salt concentration. Modeling revealed complex behaviors, crucial for designing smart hydrogel materials.

Keywords:

anionic hydrogels ionic strength modeling pH polyelectrolytes

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Polymer Chemistry
Chemical Engineering

Background:

Polyelectrolyte hydrogels are stimuli-responsive polymers.
Their swelling is controlled by ionizable groups, affecting sensitivity to pH and ionic strength.
Understanding these behaviors is key for advanced material design.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize the swelling behavior of anionic polyelectrolyte hydrogels.
To investigate the influence of pH and salt concentration on hydrogel properties.
To develop and validate a model for predicting hydrogel responses.

Main Methods:

Mechanical testing and gravimetric analysis were employed.
Hydrogel mass was monitored over time and at steady state.
A fully coupled model integrating mass transport and solid mechanics was developed.

Main Results:

Swelling ratio showed a bell-shaped curve with pH, peaking at 120 in pure water.
Swelling decreased with increasing salt concentrations.
Transient swelling under pH (40 h) was slower than deswelling induced by salt (20 h).

Conclusions:

The study successfully combined experimental data and computational modeling.
Complex mechanisms governing polyelectrolyte hydrogel behavior under external stimuli were elucidated.
Findings provide essential insights for the rational design of advanced hydrogel materials.