Cine-MRI of Deglutition: A Systematic Review

Area of Science:

• Medical Imaging
• Gastroenterology
• Neurology

Background:

• Videofluoroscopy is the standard for dysphagia evaluation but has limitations like radiation exposure and poor soft tissue detail.
• Cine-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of swallowing has emerged as a potential alternative over the last three decades.
• Diverse methodologies and results exist for cine-MRI, necessitating a systematic review.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and outline cine-MRI protocols, applications, advantages, and limitations for dysphagia exploration.
• To analyze the current state of cine-MRI in swallowing disorders based on existing literature.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
• Qualitative analysis of 36 studies published between 2001 and 2023, involving 715 subjects.
• Focus on cine-MRI protocols, safety, efficacy, and adaptability to different MRI scanners (1.5T and 3T).

Main Results:

• Cine-MRI is a safe and promising tool for dysphagic patients, offering detailed visualization of deglutition.
• It eliminates the need for oral contrast agents and is adaptable to standard MRI systems with acceleration techniques.
• Studies show varied results, highlighting the need for standardized protocols and outcome measures.

Conclusions:

• Cine-MRI of swallowing is a valuable tool for dysphagia assessment, providing unique insights into swallowing mechanics.
• Key limitations include the absence of direct comparison studies (non-inferiority trials) with videofluoroscopy and lack of standardized assessment criteria.
• Further research is required to define precise indications and the definitive role of cine-MRI in the diagnostic pathway for swallowing disorders.