[Neuroprotective therapy for age-related macular degeneration]

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Neuroscience
• Genetics

Background:

• Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness globally.
• Characterized by chronic, multifactorial pathological processes affecting the retina.
• Photoreceptor degeneration is a key feature, but the precise mechanisms remain debated.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review pathophysiological mechanisms of photoreceptor degeneration in AMD.
• To summarize scientific advancements in therapeutic interventions for AMD.
• To highlight potential pharmacological strategies for retinal neuroprotection in AMD.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of international and Russian studies.
• Analysis of data on molecular and cellular disruptions in AMD.
• Evaluation of current and emerging therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

• Identified key molecular and cellular disruptions contributing to photoreceptor death.
• Summarized existing therapeutic strategies and their limitations.
• Highlighted promising but not yet clinically validated neuroprotective agents.

Conclusions:

• Understanding AMD's complex pathophysiology is crucial for effective treatment.
• Pharmacological retinal neuroprotection offers potential but requires further clinical validation.
• Continued research is needed to develop definitive therapies for AMD.