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A high-gain gap waveguide-based 16 × 16 slot antenna array with low sidelobe level for mmwave applications.

Davood Zarifi^1,2, Ali Sabbaghi Saber³, Ashraf Uz Zaman⁴

¹School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran. davood.zarifi@pg.edu.pl.

Scientific Reports

|December 29, 2024

Summary

This study introduces a high-gain Ka-band antenna array using ridge gap waveguide technology for efficient feeding. The design achieves low sidelobe levels, making it suitable for advanced communication systems.

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Area of Science:

Electrical Engineering
Electromagnetics and Antennas

Background:

Ka-band frequencies are crucial for high-bandwidth communication systems.
Efficient antenna arrays with low sidelobe levels are needed for applications like vehicular radar and 5G.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and validate a high-gain 16x16 slot antenna array for Ka-band applications.
To achieve a low sidelobe level (SLL) and wide impedance bandwidth using novel feeding network technology.

Main Methods:

A 16x16 array of cavity-backed slot antennas was designed.
A tapered ridge gap waveguide feeding network was employed for unequal element feeding and reduced loss.
A transition to a standard rectangular waveguide (WR-28) was implemented.

Main Results:

The antenna array achieved a maximum gain of 28.9 dBi.
An impedance bandwidth exceeding 17% was measured across the 27.5-32.6 GHz range.
Sidelobe levels below -20 dB were recorded.

Conclusions:

The proposed antenna array demonstrates high performance with significant gain and low SLL.
The design is suitable for vehicular radar systems and high data rate millimeter-wave communications.
Ridge gap waveguide technology effectively reduces feeding network losses.