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Self-face processing in relation to self-referential tasks in 24-month-old infants: A study through eye movements and
Hiroshi Nitta1, Yusuke Uto2, Kengo Chaya2
1Faculty of Early Childhood Care and Education, Seika Women's Junior College, Fukuoka, Japan; Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Consciousness and Cognition
|December 29, 2024
Summary
Infants show unique visual attention to upright self-faces, indicated by pupil dilation. This self-face processing appears distinct from self-recognition abilities in toddlers.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Psychology
- Cognitive Neuroscience
- Infant Perception
Background:
- Infants develop self-face recognition abilities around 24 months.
- Understanding visual processing of self-face is crucial for developmental insights.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate visual scan patterns for the self-face in 24-month-old infants.
- To explore the relationship between self-face visual processing and self-recognition abilities.
Main Methods:
- Infants viewed upright and inverted self-faces and other faces.
- Eye movements and pupil dilation were recorded.
- Self-recognition was assessed using mirror and photograph tasks (PSR).
Main Results:
- Infants exhibited greater pupil dilation for upright self-faces compared to inverted ones.
- Visual processing of self-face did not correlate with performance on self-recognition tasks.
- Scan patterns for self-face were similar to other-faces, focusing on eyes and nose.
Conclusions:
- Infants allocate more attentional resources to upright self-faces.
- Self-face processing in infancy may be automatic and not reliant on explicit self-awareness.
- Visual processing of the self-face is distinct from explicit self-recognition tasks.
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