Long-range data transmission in a fault-tolerant quantum bus architecture

Area of Science:

• Quantum Information Science
• Quantum Computing Architectures
• Entanglement Generation

Background:

• Generating long-range entanglement is crucial for quantum computing and communication.
• Existing methods often struggle with noise and scalability.
• Efficient entanglement distribution remains a key challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a novel fault-tolerant scheme for generating long-range entanglement.
• To achieve constant-fidelity Bell-pair generation independent of distance.
• To analyze the resource requirements for noise-resilient entanglement.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing a constant-depth circuit on a 3D grid of qubits.
• Implementing operations between neighboring qubits.
• Analyzing the scheme as a quantum bus or quantum repeater protocol.

Main Results:

• The scheme produces a constant-fidelity Bell-pair, robust against local stochastic noise below a realistic threshold.
• It is applicable to rectangular qubit arrays of length R.
• The number of qubits used is shown to be near-optimal.

Conclusions:

• The proposed scheme offers a scalable and fault-tolerant solution for long-range entanglement generation.
• It provides a practical approach for quantum computing architectures and quantum repeater protocols.
• The findings contribute to the development of robust quantum networks.