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Fusion-based implementation of qLDPC codes with quantum emitters
Susan X Chen1,2, Matthias C Löbl3,4, Ming Lai Chan3,4
1Quantum Engineering Centre for Doctoral Training, H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory and School of Electrical, Electronic, and Mechanical Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
NPJ Quantum Information
|June 17, 2026
Summary
Quantum low-density parity check (qLDPC) codes offer higher encoding rates for fault-tolerant quantum computing. A new architecture using quantum emitters and photonic states achieves high photon loss tolerance, showing performance comparable to topological codes with better efficiency.
Area of Science:
- Quantum Information Science
- Quantum Computing Architectures
- Error Correction Codes
Background:
- Topological codes like surface codes are standard for quantum error correction but have high overhead.
- Quantum low-density parity check (qLDPC) codes offer higher encoding rates, crucial for practical fault-tolerant quantum computing.
- Photonic implementations are suitable for qLDPC codes due to their ability to support non-local connections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose a novel architecture for implementing Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) qLDPC codes using quantum emitters.
- To enhance photon loss tolerance in photonic quantum computing architectures.
- To analyze the performance of qLDPC codes under realistic noise conditions.
Main Methods:
- Development of a quantum emitter-based architecture for CSS qLDPC code implementation.
- Deterministic production of photonic resource states using quantum emitters.
- Incorporation of a conditional repeat-until-success strategy for photon loss tolerance.
- Simulation of Bivariate Bicycle qLDPC codes and performance analysis under noise.
Main Results:
- The proposed architecture successfully implements CSS qLDPC codes.
- High photon loss tolerance was achieved through the implemented strategy.
- Simulations demonstrated performance comparable to topological architectures.
- The qLDPC code implementations achieved significantly higher encoding rates.
Conclusions:
- The proposed quantum emitter-based architecture provides a viable and efficient method for implementing qLDPC codes.
- This approach offers a promising pathway towards practical, fault-tolerant quantum computing with reduced overhead.
- The architecture demonstrates robustness against photon loss and fusion failure, crucial for photonic quantum systems.
