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Published on: December 19, 2020
Socio-Demographic Characteristics, Clinical Presentations and Treatment Outcome of RT-PCR Positive Covid-19 Patients
M S Hasan1, S K Paul, S A Nasreen
1Professor Dr Muhammad Saiful Hasan, Professor and Head, Department of Microbiology and Principal, Netrokona Medical College, Netrokona, Bangladesh;
Insights
Males in Bangladesh were more affected by Coronavirus disease-2019 (Covid-19) than females, with most cases residing in urban areas and experiencing common symptoms like fever and cough. The majority of patients recovered without complications.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Coronavirus disease-2019 (Covid-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, presents a significant global health challenge.
- Bangladesh is experiencing a rapid increase in Covid-19 cases, necessitating local epidemiological studies.
- Understanding the characteristics of Covid-19 in Bangladesh is crucial for public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the socio-demographic profile of Covid-19 patients in Bangladesh.
- To describe the clinical presentation and common symptoms of Covid-19 in the study population.
- To evaluate the treatment outcomes and management strategies for Covid-19 cases in Bangladesh.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional observational study was conducted.
- 334 RT-PCR confirmed Covid-19 positive patients were enrolled from January to December 2021.
- Data was collected via telephonic interviews using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire.
Main Results:
- Males constituted 72.46% of the cases, with a mean age of 36.32 years; most resided in urban areas (83.53%).
- Fever (83.53%), cough (52.99%), and altered smell/taste (40.71%) were the most frequent symptoms; 13.77% were asymptomatic.
- Antibiotics (91.32%) and paracetamol (83.53%) were commonly prescribed; 80.24% isolated at home, 5.39% were hospitalized, and 13.77% were discharged without complications.
Conclusions:
- Males are disproportionately affected by Covid-19 in Bangladesh.
- Urban populations and common symptoms like fever and cough characterize Covid-19 cases in Bangladesh.
- While home isolation is prevalent, a significant majority of patients achieve recovery without complications, highlighting the importance of appropriate management and supportive care.
Abstract:
Coronavirus disease-2019 (Covid-19) caused by the virus SARS-CoV 2 is a major health problem across the globe currently. Bangladesh is also defying this highly infectious disease with an exponentially rising number of cases across the country. This study was designed to observe the socio-demographic characteristics, clinical presentation and treatment outcome of Covid-19 cases in Bangladesh. In this cross-sectional observational study, a total of 334 Covid-19 positive patients were enrolled following selection criteria who were tested RT-PCR for Covid-19 infection in the Department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Bangladesh from January 2021 to December 2021. A telephonic interview with a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Among 334 Covid-19 positive patients, males (72.46%) were more affected than females (27.54%). The mean age was 36.32±12.369 years. Most of the cases resided in urban areas (83.53%). Approximately 13.77% were asymptomatic and 86.23% were symptomatic. Out of 334 patients, 98 (29.34%) patients had comorbidities, among which 76(22.75%) patients had a single co-morbid condition and 22(6.59%) patients had multiple comorbidities. Fever (83.53%), cough (52.99%) and altered smell and taste (40.71%) were the most common presenting symptoms. Antibiotics (91.32%) and paracetamol (83.53%) were the most commonly used drugs. Approximately 80.24% were isolated in their homes, while 5.39% were treated at Covid-19-dedicated hospitals. Finally, 13.77% were discharged without complications and 2.69% died. This investigation revealed that males became more infected than females. The majority of the cases resided in urban areas. Most of the infected patients were isolated at homes, whereas one-fifth of them were treated at different types of hospitals. Clinically, antibiotics were the most commonly used medication. However, the majority of the cases were discharged from the hospital without complications.
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