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Related Concept Videos

Variability: Analysis01:11

Variability: Analysis

126
Measures of variability are statistical metrics that reveal the dispersion pattern within a dataset. They are pivotal in biostatistics, providing insights into the heterogeneity within health and biological data. Variability signifies the degree to which data points diverge from one another, helping researchers understand the potential range of values and associated uncertainty within the data.
The range is a simple measure of variability, indicating the difference between the highest and...
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What is Variation?01:14

What is Variation?

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Apart from the measures of central tendency, distribution, outliers, and the changing characteristics of data with time, an important characteristic of any data set is its variation or spread. In some data sets, the data values are concentrated closely near the mean; in others, the data values are more widely spread out from the mean.
The range, standard deviation, standard error, and variance are the different measures of variation.
Range: The range is the difference between its maximum and...
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Multiple Regression01:25

Multiple Regression

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Multiple regression assesses a linear relationship between one response or dependent variable and two or more independent variables. It has many practical applications.
Farmers can use multiple regression to determine the crop yield based on more than one factor, such as water availability, fertilizer, soil properties, etc. Here, the crop yield is the response or dependent variable as it depends on the other independent variables. The analysis requires the construction of a scatter plot...
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Variation01:19

Variation

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An important characteristic of any set of data is the variation in the data. In some data sets, the data values are concentrated closely near the mean; in other data sets, the data values are more widely spread out from the mean. The most common measure of variation, or spread, is the standard deviation, which is the square root of variance.
When independent and dependent variables are plotted on a scatter plot, the slope of a line is a value that describes the rate of change between the two...
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Coefficient of Variation01:10

Coefficient of Variation

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The coefficient of variation measures the dispersion of the data points or distribution around the mean. Using the coefficient of variation, we can compare two data series with drastically different means or different units of measurement. The coefficient of variation for a sample and a population is expressed as a percentage of the ratio of standard deviation to the mean.
The coefficient of variation is a practical statistical tool in finance. It allows investors to assess the volatility or...
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Reliability and Validity01:29

Reliability and Validity

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Reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. Reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. In the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways.
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Variability in sustainability reporting - A multicountry study.

Imlak Shaikh1, Arun Kumar Tripathy1

  • 1Management Development Institute Gurgaon, Gurugram, Haryana, 122007, India.

Journal of Environmental Management
|December 31, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Businesses globally must enhance sustainability reporting due to environmental and social pressures. This study reveals country, industry, and firm factors significantly influence sustainability disclosure and quality, emphasizing contextual relevance.

Keywords:
AssuranceEnvironmentalGRIGovernanceSocialSustainability disclosure

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Area of Science:

  • Business and Management
  • Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Studies
  • Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

Background:

  • Increasing global emphasis on environmental consciousness, social responsibility, and corporate governance necessitates business evolution.
  • Sustainability reporting is a key mechanism for businesses to communicate their performance in these critical areas.
  • Understanding the drivers of sustainability reporting is crucial for developing effective global standards and practices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide global evidence on the determinants of sustainability reporting by analyzing a large sample of sustainability reports.
  • To examine the influence of country, industry, and firm-level characteristics on the quality and extent of sustainability disclosures.
  • To identify key factors that enhance sustainability reporting practices worldwide.

Main Methods:

  • Content analysis of 678 sustainability reports from public companies across G20 countries.
  • Calculation of a Sustainability Disclosure (SUSD) and Quality Index (QUID) for a selected sample.
  • Empirical examination of factors influencing sustainability reporting at country, industry, and firm levels.

Main Results:

  • Sustainability reporting is significantly influenced by country-specific standards, industry norms, and firm-level characteristics.
  • Adherence to OECD guidelines and the presence of external assurance are key determinants of higher quality sustainability disclosures.
  • Significant variability exists in sustainability reporting practices across different countries and industries.

Conclusions:

  • Contextual relevance is paramount in global sustainability literature and practice.
  • Policymakers and regulators should consider country and industry differences when developing sustainability regulations and assessing performance.
  • Findings offer insights for improving sustainability reporting robustness, materiality, and stakeholder inclusiveness.