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A Cross-Sectional Study Comparing Patient Information Guides Generated by ChatGPT and Google Gemini for Common

Vidith Phillips1, Nidhi L Rao2, Yashasvi H Sanghvi3

  • 1Internal Medicine, Division of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.

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|January 1, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools like ChatGPT and Google Gemini can create patient education brochures for radiology. While both show similar readability and reliability, ChatGPT produced longer content at a higher grade level.

Keywords:
abdominal ctabdominal ultrasoundartificial intelligencechatgpteducational toolgoogle geminimri of abdomenpatient education brochure

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging and Radiology
  • Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
  • Patient Education

Background:

  • Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used to generate patient education materials for radiological procedures.
  • Evaluating the quality of AI-generated content is crucial for effective patient communication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the quality of patient information brochures on abdominal ultrasound, CT, and MRI generated by ChatGPT and Google Gemini.
  • To assess readability, reliability, and content characteristics of AI-generated radiology patient education materials.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study evaluated brochures from ChatGPT 3.5 and Google Gemini 1.5 Pro.
  • Assessed word count, sentence count, readability (Flesch-Kincaid), similarity (Quillbot), and reliability (modified DISCERN).
  • Statistical analysis was performed using R, with significance set at p<0.05.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences were found in sentence count, average words/sentence, average syllables/sentence, ease score, similarity, or reliability.
  • ChatGPT generated significantly higher word counts (p=0.0409) and a higher grade level (p=0.0482) compared to Google Gemini.
  • Both AI models produced content with comparable readability and reliability.

Conclusions:

  • ChatGPT and Google Gemini can generate consistent patient education content for radiology, meeting readability and reliability benchmarks.
  • Disparities in word count and grade level highlight the need for AI content refinement to match diverse patient literacy levels.
  • Further research should focus on optimizing AI-generated content for patient comprehension and engagement.