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Lactobacillus Protects Against Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media via Modulating RFTN1/ Lipid Raft /TLR4-Mediated

Zhuohui Liu1, Fan Zhang1, Fengfeng Jia1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.

Biologics : Targets & Therapy
|January 1, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Lactobacillus shows potential in treating chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). This probiotic therapy works by inhibiting the RFTN1-lipid raft-TLR4 pathway, reducing inflammation and preventing hearing loss.

Keywords:
B. cereusCSOMLactobacillusRFTN1S. aureusTLR4

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Microbiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a major cause of preventable hearing loss worldwide.
  • Probiotic therapies, particularly Lactobacillus, are being explored for infectious and inflammatory diseases, but their role in CSOM is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the antipathogenic effects of Lactobacillus on CSOM.
  • To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of Lactobacillus's action in CSOM.

Main Methods:

  • RNA sequencing of middle ear granulation from CSOM patients and controls.
  • Construction of CSOM models in human middle ear epithelial cells and rats using Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus.
  • Western blot, qPCR, lipid raft labeling, ELISA, and HE staining to analyze RFTN1, lipid rafts, TLR4, and inflammatory responses.
  • Evaluation of Lactobacillus's therapeutic effect in a CSOM rat model.

Main Results:

  • RNA sequencing identified 3646 differentially expressed genes in CSOM, with high RFTN1 expression.
  • Inhibition of RFTN1 reduced CSOM inflammatory response and lipid raft formation, and decreased TLR4 expression within lipid rafts.
  • Lactobacillus treatment attenuated CSOM progression by reducing RFTN1 and TLR4 expression, indicating a potential anti-inflammatory effect.

Conclusions:

  • Lactobacillus plays a significant role in alleviating CSOM progression.
  • The study uncovered a mechanism involving Lactobacillus-regulated inhibition of the RFTN1-lipid raft-TLR4 signaling pathway in CSOM.