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Related Concept Videos

Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

504
The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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Colloids03:22

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
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Solution, Solubility, and Solubility Equilibrium
A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of a solvent, the major component, and a solute, the minor component. The physical state of a solution—solid, liquid, or gas—is typically the same as that of the solvent. Solute concentrations are often described with qualitative terms such as dilute (of relatively low concentration) and concentrated (of relatively high concentration).
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Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
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Colloids and Suspensions01:17

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
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Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids
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Colloidal Nanoparticles Hold Elementary Charge in Nonpolar Solvent.

Shuhan Pan1, Yuchen Zhang1, Jiahao Pan1

  • 1College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.

Nano Letters
|January 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Individual nanoparticles in nonpolar solvents can carry a net charge, challenging previous beliefs. This study quantifies nanoparticle charge, revealing a small percentage possess a single elementary charge.

Keywords:
Charges of nanoparticlesNonpolar dispersionSilver nanoparticlesSingle-particle characterization

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Area of Science:

  • Nanoparticle science
  • Colloid chemistry
  • Physical chemistry

Background:

  • Nanoparticle net charge in nonpolar solvents is crucial for properties like charge carrier lifetime and electron transport.
  • A prevailing assumption has been that oil-dispersed nanoparticles are inherently neutral.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a method for directly quantifying the net charge of individual nanoparticles.
  • To investigate the charge distribution of sub-50 nm silver nanoparticles in nonpolar solvents.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an alternating electric field combined with in situ optical microscopy.
  • Analyzed the force and motion of individual sub-50 nm silver nanoparticles.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that approximately 1-10% of colloidal nanoparticles in nonpolar solvents carry a single elementary charge.
  • The majority of nanoparticles were found to be essentially neutral.
  • This study provides the first quantitative measurement of single nanoparticle charge in a nonpolar solvent.

Conclusions:

  • Challenges the long-held belief that nanoparticles in nonpolar solvents are always neutral.
  • Provides a direct method for measuring individual nanoparticle charge, essential for understanding their behavior.
  • Highlights the importance of considering net charge in nanoparticle applications in nonpolar media.