Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids01:15

Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids

163
Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
163
Opioid Receptors: Overview01:22

Opioid Receptors: Overview

305
Opioid receptors, including the mu (μ, MOR), delta (δ, DOR), and kappa (κ, KOR) types, belong to the rhodopsin family of G protein-coupled receptors. These receptors are located throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems and in non-neuronal tissues such as macrophages and astrocytes. Opioid receptor ligands can be categorized into agonists or antagonists. Highly selective agonists include [d-Ala2, MePhe4, Gly(ol)5]-enkephalin or DAMGO for MOR, [D-Pen2,...
305
Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners01:20

Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners

132
Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...
132
Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

Analgesia and Pain Management

390
Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
390
Cross-reactivity00:42

Cross-reactivity

30.9K
Overview
30.9K
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

783
Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
783

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Documented Adverse Reactions to Different Intravenous Iron Formulations in the Veterans Health Administration: A 10-Year Retrospective Study.

Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety·2026
Same author

The Role of Language in Shaping Cultural Perceptions Within Healthcare and Supporting Neurodivergent People's Well-being and Access to Care: Focus on Autistic Experiences.

Journal of medical radiation sciences·2026
Same author

Constitutive and inducible oleoresin defenses share genetic architectures and mechanisms in Pinus taeda.

The New phytologist·2026
Same author

A multi-layered approach to elucidate mechanisms of physical function in response to rehabilitation in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Enhancing Perioperative Prescription Opioid Risk Mitigation Through Pharmacist Intervention.

Journal of pain & palliative care pharmacotherapy·2026
Same author

A Narrative Review of the Genetic Architecture of Systemic Hypertension: From Candidate Genes to Biobank-Scale Genome-Wide Association Studies and Sequencing, With Translational Pathways to Precision Care.

Cureus·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2025

Demonstration of the Sequence Alignment to Predict Across Species Susceptibility Tool for Rapid Assessment of Protein Conservation
16:02

Demonstration of the Sequence Alignment to Predict Across Species Susceptibility Tool for Rapid Assessment of Protein Conservation

Published on: February 10, 2023

2.5K

Opioid Allergy Cross-Reactivity: A Retrospective Study Across Three Opioid Classes.

Ali Khalaf1, Matthew Lane1, Jennifer Meyer Reid1

  • 1Lexington VA Health Care System, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.

Journal of Pain & Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy
|January 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary

True opioid allergies are rare. This study found no cross-reactivity between opioid classes, showing 100% tolerance upon re-exposure, which may aid in managing patients with prior opioid adverse drug reactions (ADRs).

Keywords:
Opioidsallergyanaphylaxiscross-reactivityhypersensitivitynaturalpseudo-allergysemisyntheticsynthetictolerance

More Related Videos

High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry
10:17

High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry

Published on: April 23, 2019

9.5K
Assessment of Morphine-induced Hyperalgesia and Analgesic Tolerance in Mice Using Thermal and Mechanical Nociceptive Modalities
07:23

Assessment of Morphine-induced Hyperalgesia and Analgesic Tolerance in Mice Using Thermal and Mechanical Nociceptive Modalities

Published on: July 29, 2014

33.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 7, 2025

Demonstration of the Sequence Alignment to Predict Across Species Susceptibility Tool for Rapid Assessment of Protein Conservation
16:02

Demonstration of the Sequence Alignment to Predict Across Species Susceptibility Tool for Rapid Assessment of Protein Conservation

Published on: February 10, 2023

2.5K
High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry
10:17

High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry

Published on: April 23, 2019

9.5K
Assessment of Morphine-induced Hyperalgesia and Analgesic Tolerance in Mice Using Thermal and Mechanical Nociceptive Modalities
07:23

Assessment of Morphine-induced Hyperalgesia and Analgesic Tolerance in Mice Using Thermal and Mechanical Nociceptive Modalities

Published on: July 29, 2014

33.2K

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Immunology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • IgE-mediated opioid hypersensitivity (true allergy) is rare; most reactions are side effects or pseudo-allergies.
  • Limited literature exists on cross-reactivity among opioid classes due to the rarity of immune-mediated opioid allergies.
  • Understanding cross-reactivity is crucial for managing patients with documented opioid adverse drug reactions (ADRs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the rates of cross-reactivity and tolerance among patients with documented opioid allergy or ADRs.
  • To assess outcomes of subsequent opioid exposure across natural, semisynthetic, and synthetic opioid classes.
  • To evaluate opioid cross-reactivity in a large patient cohort with a history of opioid ADRs.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 1507 patients with documented opioid allergy or ADR at a Veterans Affairs hospital over 10 years.
  • Patients were categorized into three cohorts based on the opioid class of their prior allergy/ADR.
  • Subsequent opioid exposures were assessed across all three opioid classes for each cohort.

Main Results:

  • No cross-reactivity was observed among any of the opioid drug classes.
  • 100% re-exposure tolerance rates were found across all study arms.
  • This indicates a high likelihood of tolerance when re-challenging patients with different opioid classes after a prior ADR.

Conclusions:

  • Opioid hypersensitivity and cross-reactivity are uncommon.
  • Patients with a history of opioid allergy or ADR can likely tolerate opioids from different drug classes.
  • Findings support increased confidence in using alternative opioid classes for patients with documented opioid allergies or ADRs.