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Enhancing Perioperative Prescription Opioid Risk Mitigation Through Pharmacist Intervention.

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Pharmacists can improve opioid safety in surgical patients by providing education on pain management and safe disposal. This initiative highlighted patient interest in naloxone and disposal options, crucial for mitigating risks associated with prescription opioids.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Patient Safety
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Postoperative pain management frequently involves prescription opioids, leading to potential excess medication in patient homes.
  • Lack of awareness regarding proper disposal of unused opioids poses a significant risk to patients and communities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of clinical pharmacist interventions on opioid safety outcomes in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery.
  • To assess patient engagement with risk mitigation tools like naloxone and medication disposal methods.

Main Methods:

  • A clinical pharmacist provided perioperative education on pain management and opioid risk mitigation to patients undergoing total knee or hip arthroplasty.
  • Outcomes included patient interest in naloxone and disposal envelopes, pain control, opioid quantity used, disposal methods, and satisfaction.

Main Results:

  • 74% of patients expressed interest in a naloxone prescription, and 48% were interested in medication disposal envelopes.
  • 20 patients reported excess opioid tablets post-surgery; only 20% of these had proper disposal.
  • 80% of patients with excess opioids had not yet disposed of them, indicating a gap in safe disposal practices.

Conclusions:

  • Pharmacist-led perioperative education can effectively promote prescription opioid risk mitigation.
  • Targeted education and provision of tools like naloxone and disposal options are vital for improving opioid safety outcomes.