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Somatic symptom disorder, psychiatric comorbidities, and suicide
Ju-Wei Hsu1, Wei-Chen Lin1, Shih-Jen Tsai1
1Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Journal of Affective Disorders
|January 2, 2025
Summary
Somatic symptom disorder (SSD) independently increases suicide risk. Comorbidities like major depression further elevate this risk, highlighting the need for integrated suicide prevention strategies targeting both SSD and related mental health conditions.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry and Mental Health
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Somatic Symptom Disorder (SSD) is linked to suicidal ideation, but its association with suicide mortality is unclear.
- The impact of psychiatric comorbidities, such as bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder, on suicide risk in SSD patients remains unknown.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between Somatic Symptom Disorder (SSD) and suicide mortality.
- To determine the influence of major psychiatric comorbidities on suicide risk in individuals with SSD.
Main Methods:
- A longitudinal study followed 38,483 SSD patients and 153,932 non-SSD controls from 2003 to 2017.
- Time-dependent Cox regression models were used to assess suicide risk, adjusting for major psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression, AUD, and SUD.
Main Results:
- SSD patients exhibited a significantly higher risk of suicide (HR=3.41) compared to non-SSD individuals, irrespective of comorbidities.
- SSD patients with comorbidities like schizophrenia (HR=5.55), bipolar disorder (HR=5.99), and major depression (HR=10.24) faced substantially increased suicide risks.
Conclusions:
- Somatic Symptom Disorder (SSD) is an independent risk factor for suicide.
- Integrated suicide prevention strategies should consider both SSD and its associated psychiatric comorbidities.
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