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Monitoring Cell-autonomous Circadian Clock Rhythms of Gene Expression Using Luciferase Bioluminescence Reporters
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Programming scheduled self-assembly of circadian materials.

Gregor Leech1, Lauren Melcher2, Michelle Chiu3

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Biological clock proteins (KaiB and KaiC) were used to create self-assembling synthetic materials. This research enables programmable, life-like material behaviors through precise control of molecular interactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Synthetic Biology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Active biological molecules offer potential for autonomous material regulation.
  • Synthetic materials can exhibit complex, life-like behaviors by mimicking biological systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer time-dependent crosslinking of colloids using circadian clock proteins.
  • To achieve programmable kinetics and macroscopic changes in material properties.

Main Methods:

  • Functionalization of KaiB and KaiC proteins for colloid crosslinking.
  • Utilizing molecular assembly of KaiB-KaiC complexes.
  • Microscopic imaging and computational modeling to analyze colloidal super-structures.

Main Results:

  • Colloid crosslinking kinetics are dictated by the phosphorylation state of KaiC and KaiB-KaiC complexing.
  • Material stability is sensitive to the number of Kai complexes per colloid connection.
  • High concentrations stabilize materials, while low concentrations lead to oscillatory structures.

Conclusions:

  • Harnessing biological timers (circadian clock proteins) to control synthetic materials.
  • Protein-based reaction networks can endow synthetic systems with life-like properties.
  • Opens new avenues for developing responsive and adaptive synthetic materials.