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Current Evidence for the Use of Jugular Vein Compression Collars in Sport: A Systematic Review
Blake E Delgadillo1, Frederic Montz2, Byron Ward3
1Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine-Bradenton Campus, Bradenton, FL.
Current Sports Medicine Reports
|January 3, 2025
Summary
External jugular vein compression collars show promise for reducing brain injury markers and improving cognitive function in athletes. However, current evidence does not support a significant decrease in concussion incidence rates.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Sports Medicine
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Sport-related concussions represent a significant public health concern in high-impact activities.
- Prevention strategies are paramount, with limited evidence on novel interventions like external jugular vein compression collars.
- This study addresses the need for a comprehensive review of these collars in sports.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the efficacy of external jugular vein compression collars in mitigating concussion incidence and related brain injury markers.
- To evaluate the impact of these collars on neurocognitive outcomes and cerebrovascular parameters.
- To synthesize current evidence on the use of jugular vein compression collars in high-impact sports.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review and meta-analysis comparing outcomes in athletes using jugular vein compression collars versus control groups.
- Analysis of data on white matter alterations, neurocognitive function, internal jugular vein and internal carotid artery cross-sectional areas, and peak pulse pressure.
- Inclusion of studies focusing on high-impact sports and activities.
Main Results:
- Jugular vein compression collars significantly reduced white matter alterations and improved short-term neurocognitive outcomes compared to controls.
- Significant changes observed in vascular parameters: increased internal jugular vein area and decreased internal carotid artery area.
- No statistically significant difference in overall concussion incidence rate between the intervention and control groups was found.
Conclusions:
- External jugular vein compression collars demonstrate potential benefits in reducing subconcussive brain injury markers and enhancing cognitive function.
- Further research is essential to ascertain the role of these collars in long-term concussion prevention and neurocognitive health.
- The findings suggest a promising, yet preliminary, role for jugular vein compression collars in sports-related brain injury management.
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