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Demographic and Clinical Factors Associated With Functional Changes in Long-Covid.

Barbara Mazer, Debbie Ehrmann Feldman

    American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
    |January 3, 2025
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    Summary

    Long-term COVID-19 symptoms significantly impact daily functioning for many individuals. Factors like prior hospitalization and obesity are linked to this functional decline, highlighting the need for rehabilitation services.

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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Rehabilitation
    • Public Health
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Long-term symptoms following COVID-19 infection, often termed long COVID, affect daily functioning.
    • Understanding the prevalence and factors associated with functional decline in long COVID is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe functional changes in individuals with long COVID.
    • To explore sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with functional decline.

    Main Methods:

    • Survey of 2764 adults diagnosed with COVID-19 at least 12 weeks prior.
    • Utilized the Newcastle Post-COVID Syndrome Questionnaire and COVID-19 Yorkshire Rehabilitation Screen.
    • Assessed symptoms, activities, global health, mobility, personal care, and daily activities.

    Main Results:

    • 37.8% of participants met criteria for long COVID.
    • Majority reported declines in global health, mobility, and daily activities.
    • Common issues included fatigue, breathlessness, anxiety, pain, and reduced concentration.
    • Factors associated with functional decline included longer time since infection, hospitalization, chronic comorbidities, and obesity.

    Conclusions:

    • Long-lasting COVID-19 symptoms substantially impair daily functioning.
    • Multidisciplinary medical and rehabilitation services are essential for improving recovery and function.