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The Moreton Lecture Series: The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System-Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Pharmacological

Prem Patel1, Jessica Ammon2, Sean Battle1

  • 1From the Department of Internal Medicine, Prisma Health/University of South Carolina and University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia.

Southern Medical Journal
|January 3, 2025
PubMed

Insights

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) regulates blood pressure and is key in treating cardiovascular diseases like hypertension. RAAS inhibition offers benefits for heart failure, atherosclerosis, and kidney disease, with future therapies on the horizon.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is a critical hormonal cascade regulating blood pressure and fluid balance.
  • Dysregulation of the RAAS is implicated in numerous cardiovascular and renal diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical discovery and mechanistic understanding of the RAAS.
  • To explore the cardiovascular benefits of RAAS inhibition in various disease states.
  • To discuss current and future pharmacological strategies targeting the RAAS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of historical and contemporary research on the RAAS.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data and pharmacological studies on RAAS inhibitors.
  • Synthesis of information on the mechanism, efficacy, and safety of RAAS-targeting therapies.

Main Results:

  • RAAS inhibition has proven efficacy in managing hypertension, heart failure, and kidney disease.
  • Pharmacological manipulation of the RAAS has significantly improved patient outcomes in cardiovascular medicine.
  • Current research is exploring novel RAAS-targeting agents and combination therapies.

Conclusions:

  • RAAS inhibition remains a cornerstone in the management of cardiovascular diseases.
  • Understanding the RAAS provides a foundation for developing innovative treatments.
  • Future research directions include optimizing RAAS blockade and exploring new therapeutic targets.

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