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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

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Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
626
Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

632
Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
632
Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

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The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
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Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions01:30

Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions

787
The first step in nursing management of a patient with heart failure involves thoroughly assessing the patient's medical history.Subjective Data: Obtain the patient's medical history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and symptoms like dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.Objective Data: Conduct a physical examination to identify findings such as jugular vein distention, pulmonary crackles, tachycardia, murmurs, peripheral edema, and vital signs,...
787
Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

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Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
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Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care01:29

Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

753
Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
753

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
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Therapeutic Approach to Heart Failure Management: Insight from Clinical Trials.

Ambrish Kumar1, Rylee Fowler1, Emily Ruggerio1

  • 1Departments of Cell Biology and Anatomy and.

Southern Medical Journal
|May 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Heart failure (HF) affects millions globally, with rising prevalence and costs. This review covers HF pathophysiology and FDA-approved treatments, including renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors and others.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Heart failure (HF) is a significant global health issue affecting over 64 million people worldwide.
  • Prevalence in the US is substantial, with an estimated 6.7 million individuals affected, projected to increase to 8.5 million by 2030.
  • HF-related mortality and healthcare costs are substantial and increasing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology of heart failure.
  • To focus on Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved therapeutic agents for HF.
  • To provide insights from relevant clinical studies on HF treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of HF pathophysiology.
  • Analysis of FDA-approved HF medications.
  • Examination of clinical study data for therapeutic agents.

Main Results:

  • Current recommended drug classes for HF include renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor, diuretics, beta-blockers, and sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors.
  • The article details the mechanisms and clinical evidence for these approved therapies.
  • Insights into the efficacy and application of these treatments are discussed.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding HF pathophysiology is crucial for effective treatment.
  • FDA-approved therapies offer various mechanisms to manage HF.
  • Continued research and clinical studies are vital for optimizing HF management.