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Lung volume changes during respiration in ducks.

J H Jones, E L Effmann, K Schmidt-Nielsen

    Respiration Physiology
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Avian lungs are not completely rigid. Studies show small, regular changes in lung thickness during breathing, challenging the isovolumetric lung hypothesis in birds.

    Area of Science:

    • Comparative physiology
    • Avian respiratory system mechanics

    Background:

    • The avian lung is traditionally considered rigid and isovolumetric throughout respiration.
    • This study investigates the dynamic changes in avian lung volume during the respiratory cycle.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To test the hypothesis that avian lungs are rigid and isovolumetric.
    • To quantify lung thickness changes during respiration in birds.

    Main Methods:

    • Radiopaque tantalum markers were implanted on Pekin duck (Anas platyrhynchos) lungs.
    • High-speed cineradiography was used to measure lung thickness changes during the respiratory cycle.
    • Ostrich (Struthio camelus) respiratory muscle force generation capacity was estimated.

    Main Results:

    Related Experiment Videos

    • Small but regular changes in lung thickness were observed, synchronized with the respiratory phase.
    • Lung thickness was maximal at mid-inspiration and minimal at mid-expiration.
    • Estimated muscle forces in ostriches suggest sufficient strength to resist pressure-induced volume changes.

    Conclusions:

    • The avian lung exhibits dynamic, albeit small, volume changes during respiration.
    • Muscles like the Mm. costopulmonales may actively control lung volume, refuting the strictly isovolumetric lung model.
    • These findings offer new insights into avian respiratory mechanics.