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Malaria

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Malaria pathogenesis in humans reflects a delicate interplay between parasite biology and host response. Clinical illness reflects a host’s immune response to the parasite’s asexual replication cycle, which is often asymptomatic in individuals with partial immunity. From the parasite's perspective, transmission between mosquito and human with minimal host pathology is evolutionarily advantageous. Among the six Plasmodium species infecting humans, P. falciparum and P. vivax dominate in global...

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Anthelmintic drugs differ significantly from antiparasitic therapies targeting protozoa, primarily due to differences in parasite biology. Whereas most protozoal treatments act on proliferating cells, anthelmintics are typically directed against mature, nonproliferative helminths. The therapeutic approach considers the helminth's reliance on neuromuscular coordination, glucose metabolism, and microtubular integrity for survival, reproduction, and localization within the host. Most anthelmintics...

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Leishmaniasis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by several Leishmania species. It affects millions of people each year and remains a major public health problem in endemic regions. First-line treatment relies on pentavalent antimonials, including meglumine antimoniate and sodium stibogluconate. Even so, how these drugs work has not been fully clear, especially their interaction with parasite-specific biochemical pathways. One key target is trypanothione reductase (TR), an enzyme that...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Selection of Plasmodium falciparum Parasites for Cytoadhesion to Human Brain Endothelial Cells

Selection of Plasmodium falciparum Parasites for Cytoadhesion to Human Brain Endothelial Cells

Published on: January 3, 2012

Malaria monoclonals block brain binding.

Stephen J Rogerson¹, Isobel S Walker¹, Elizabeth H Aitken²

¹Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne 3000, Australia.

Trends in Parasitology

|January 4, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Monoclonal antibodies were found to block Plasmodium falciparum-infected cells from binding to brain blood vessel receptors. This discovery offers a potential new treatment strategy for severe malaria, a life-threatening parasitic disease.

Keywords:

P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 Plasmodium falciparum cerebral malaria endothelial protein C receptor monoclonal antibody

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Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Selection of Plasmodium falciparum Parasites for Cytoadhesion to Human Brain Endothelial Cells

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Published on: January 3, 2012

Isolation and Analysis of Brain-sequestered Leukocytes from Plasmodium berghei ANKA-infected Mice

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In Vivo Tracking of Edema Development and Microvascular Pathology in a Model of Experimental Cerebral Malaria Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

In Vivo Tracking of Edema Development and Microvascular Pathology in a Model of Experimental Cerebral Malaria Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: June 8, 2017

Area of Science:

Immunology
Infectious Diseases
Malariology

Background:

Plasmodium falciparum malaria causes infected cells to sequester in vital organs, including the brain.
Cerebral malaria, a severe complication, is associated with infected cell adhesion in brain vasculature.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify therapeutic targets for preventing infected cell adhesion in cerebral malaria.
To evaluate the efficacy of monoclonal antibodies in blocking infected cell interactions with brain endothelial cells.

Main Methods:

Utilized a model of brain blood vessels to study infected cell adhesion.
Identified and tested monoclonal antibodies for their ability to inhibit binding to the endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR).

Main Results:

Specific monoclonal antibodies were identified that effectively prevent infected cells from binding to EPCR.
Demonstrated the potential of these antibodies in a relevant in vitro model.

Conclusions:

Monoclonal antibodies targeting EPCR represent a promising therapeutic avenue for severe malaria.
Blocking infected cell adhesion via EPCR could mitigate cytoadherence and reduce organ damage in malaria patients.