Aiming for precision: personalized medicine through sepsis subtyping.

Area of Science:

• Critical Care Medicine
• Infectious Diseases
• Translational Medicine

Background:

• Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction from a dysregulated host response to infection.
• Current definitions inadequately capture sepsis's complex heterogeneity and dynamic pathophysiology.
• Patient stratification into subtypes is crucial for advancing sepsis care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current sepsis subtypes, including subphenotypes and endotypes.
• To explore research on treatments tailored to sepsis subtypes.
• To discuss the potential of personalized medicine in sepsis management.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of sepsis subtyping strategies.
• Analysis of studies investigating clinical and pathophysiological sepsis classifications.
• Examination of treatment research for distinct sepsis patient groups.

Main Results:

• Sepsis exhibits significant heterogeneity, necessitating patient subtyping.
• Subphenotypes and endotypes offer frameworks for classifying sepsis patients.
• Personalized treatment approaches are emerging based on identified sepsis subtypes.

Conclusions:

• Recognizing sepsis subtypes is essential for personalized medicine.
• Further research into subphenotypes and endotypes will refine sepsis treatment strategies.
• Tailoring interventions to individual patient profiles holds promise for improving sepsis outcomes.