Causal associations between hypertension and abnormal brain cortical structures: Insights from a bidirectional...

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Cardiovascular Science
• Genetics

Background:

• Observational studies indicate hypertension affects brain cortical structure.
• The causal link between hypertension and brain cortical changes requires further elucidation.
• Understanding this relationship is crucial for the heart-brain axis theory.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the causal association between hypertension and abnormal brain cortical structure.
• To assess the bidirectional relationship between hypertension and cortical surface area and thickness.

Main Methods:

• A bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study was employed.
• Genome-wide association study summary statistics for hypertension and brain cortical traits were utilized.
• Sensitivity analyses were performed to ensure result robustness.

Main Results:

• Hypertension was associated with reduced total brain cortical thickness and insula thickness.
• Increased total cortical surface area was linked to decreased hypertension incidence.
• Increased caudal anterior cingulate cortex thickness was associated with increased hypertension risk.

Conclusions:

• This study establishes causal relationships between hypertension and specific brain cortical changes.
• Findings provide novel evidence supporting the heart-brain axis theory.
• The bidirectional nature of the relationship highlights complex interactions between cardiovascular health and brain structure.