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Gut-brain Axis and Irritable Bowel Syndrome During the Lockdown due to the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Survey-based Study
María Marta Piskorz1, Juan Pablo Stefanolo2, Agustin Ibañez3,4,5,6
1Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martin. Buenos Aires University.
Background:
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is influenced by various factors, including socioemotional stressors. The COVID-19 lockdown created a unique environment characterized by reduced social interactions, potentially impacting IBS symptoms.
Aim:
To assess how lockdown measures affected symptoms related to the gut-brain axis in IBS patients in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Methods:
Patients with IBS-diarrhea subtype who previously participated in surveys were re-surveyed during the lockdown. Surveys included symptom severity scales and assessments for anxiety, depression, and somatization.
Findings:
One hundred twenty-nine patients (median age 57 y, 78% female) were surveyed. Severe IBS decreased (40.4% vs. 25%; P <0.001), along with abdominal discomfort (72.4% vs. 43%; P <0.001), bloating (72.4% vs. 51.5%; P <0.001), and Bristol scale (6 vs. 4; P <0.001) during-lockdown. Headache and dyspepsia increased, whereas anxiety (45.8% vs. 34.9%; P =0.014) and severe somatization (29.6% vs. 23.3%; P =0.081) decreased.
Conclusion:
Lockdown was associated with improved clinical status in IBS-D patients, reflected in reduced somatization, anxiety, and symptom intensity. This may be attributed to decreased exposure to external stressors on the gut-brain axis.
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