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Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
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Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

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Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2025

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD
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Putative epicenters identified by transcriptome-neuromorphic interactions in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Qin Tang1, Jinzhong Peng1, Yilu Li1

  • 1The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry
|January 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified two distinct subtypes of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with unique brain patterns. These subtypes, characterized by specific gene expression and network abnormalities, offer new insights into ADHD pathogenesis and potential treatments.

Keywords:
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorderBiotypesEpicentersNeuromorphic aberrancesTranscriptional similarity architecture

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a complex behavioral disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
  • Understanding ADHD heterogeneity, including distinct biotypes and their underlying mechanisms, is crucial for advancing disease pathogenesis knowledge.
  • Identifying disease epicenters can illuminate network-spreading patterns and their clinical correlations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate neuromorphic heterogeneity and transcriptional similarity architecture in ADHD.
  • To analyze the epicenters of network-spreading within each identified ADHD biotype.
  • To explore correlations between ADHD biotypes, network epicenters, and clinical characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized partial least squares (PLS1) to analyze regional cortical thickness deviation and gene expression patterns.
  • Identified distinct ADHD biotypes based on neuromorphic and transcriptional profiles.
  • Mapped disease epicenters within cognitive control and attention networks for each biotype.

Main Results:

  • Two discriminative ADHD biotypes were identified, each exhibiting unique neuromorphic aberrances.
  • Gene expression patterns (PLS1 positively weighted genes over-expressed, negatively weighted genes under-expressed) correlated with cortical thickness deviation.
  • Distinct disease epicenters were observed in cognitive control and attention networks for both ADHD biotypes, showing significant heterogeneity.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully identified two distinct ADHD biotypes with unique transcriptome-neuroimaging relationships.
  • Disease epicenters in cognitive and attention networks vary between biotypes, offering insights into ADHD pathogenesis.
  • These findings hold promise for advancing the understanding and personalized treatment of ADHD.