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Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
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Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

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RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...

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Head and Neck Rhabdomyosarcoma in Pediatric Patients: An International Collaborative Study.

Karen Patricia Domínguez Gallagher1, Keith D Hunter2, Lady Paola Aristizabal Arboleda3

  • 1Departamento de Diagnóstico Oral, Área de Semiologia e Patologia Oral, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (FOP-UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil. Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Asunción, Paraguay.

Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine : Official Publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology
|January 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric head and neck rhabdomyosarcomas show varied clinicopathologic profiles across regions. Immunohistochemistry aids in diagnosing fusion status, though challenges remain.

Keywords:
head and neckmolecularoral cavitypediatricrhabdomyosarcoma

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pathology
  • Pediatric Medicine

Background:

  • Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare pediatric malignancy, with 35-40% affecting the head and neck.
  • This study examines the clinicopathologic features of pediatric head and neck RMS in Brazil, Guatemala, Mexico, and South Africa.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinicopathologic profile of pediatric head and neck rhabdomyosarcomas.
  • To investigate immunohistochemical markers and fusion status in these tumors.

Main Methods:

  • Reviewed 44 pediatric head and neck RMS cases from four countries.
  • Performed immunohistochemistry for desmin, myogenin, Myo-D1, and Ki67.
  • Assessed fusion status using AP2β, NOS-1, and HMGA2, with statistical analysis.

Main Results:

  • Embryonal RMS (77.3%) was most common, predominantly in children under ten.
  • Nonparameningeal sites were more frequently affected than parameningeal or orbital sites.
  • Immunohistochemistry showed differences in myogenin expression; two alveolar RMS cases were potentially fusion-positive.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric head and neck RMS exhibits minor regional variations.
  • Immunohistochemistry is crucial but challenging for determining fusion status in these tumors.