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Related Concept Videos

Fetal Circulation01:14

Fetal Circulation

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Fetal circulation is a unique system that facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the developing fetus and the mother. This intricate process takes place through a special organ called the placenta.
Two umbilical arteries transport blood from the fetus to the placenta. At the placenta, the blood absorbs oxygen and nutrients while simultaneously eliminating waste products. This oxygen-enriched and nutrient-rich blood then returns to the fetus through one...
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Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion01:17

Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion

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Understanding and evaluating diffusion and perfusion is critical in assessing a patient's respiratory and circulatory health. These processes play key roles in maintaining the body's internal environment, ensuring that tissues receive adequate oxygen while waste products are efficiently removed.
The Role of Diffusion in Respiration
Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In the respiratory system, this...
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Administering Oxygen by Mask01:30

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Administering Oxygen by Mask
Administering oxygen by mask is a common nursing intervention that provides supplemental oxygen to patients with respiratory distress or chronic lung conditions. This procedure involves delivering oxygen at a specified rate through a face mask connected to an oxygen source.
Equipment
The equipment necessary for this procedure includes:
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Updated: May 7, 2025

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Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and pregnancy.

M J Wong1, B S Kodali2, S Rex3

  • 1Department of Anesthesia, Pain Management & Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Saint John Regional Hospital, 400 University Ave, Saint John, NB, E2L 4L2, Canada.

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Anaesthesiology
|January 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) offers vital respiratory and cardiac support for critically ill pregnant individuals. Despite complexities, ECMO management during pregnancy demonstrates favorable maternal and fetal outcomes.

Keywords:
Critical careExtracorporeal life supportExtracorporeal membrane oxygenationObstetric anesthesia

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Pregnancy involves significant physiological changes that complicate critical illness management.
  • Increasing maternal age and comorbidities contribute to a rise in cardiac disease during pregnancy.
  • Infections like influenza and COVID-19 are leading causes of adult respiratory distress syndrome in pregnant individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role and outcomes of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) in managing critical illness during pregnancy.
  • To highlight the challenges and necessary adjustments for ECMO use in the antenatal and postpartum periods.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature and clinical practices regarding ECMO in pregnancy.
  • Analysis of physiological adaptations during pregnancy impacting ECMO parameter adjustments.
  • Discussion of multidisciplinary collaboration essential for optimal patient care.

Main Results:

  • Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) provides crucial respiratory and/or cardiac support for pregnant patients with critical illnesses.
  • Pregnancy-specific physiological changes necessitate tailored ECMO management strategies.
  • Potential complications like bleeding and thromboembolism require careful monitoring and management.

Conclusions:

  • Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a viable intervention for critically ill pregnant individuals.
  • Favorable maternal and fetal outcomes are achievable with appropriate ECMO implementation and multidisciplinary care.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate optimal ECMO management protocols in pregnancy.