Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 3, 2025
07:03
A Simple Pit Assay Protocol to Visualize and Quantify Osteoclastic Resorption In Vitro
Published on: June 16, 2022
5.9K
TGF-β3 Restrains Osteoclastic Resorption Through Autophagy
Hui Liao1,2,3, Yiqin Pan1,2,3, Yiming Liu1,2,3
1State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Drug Gability Assessment, Jinan University, No. 855 East Xingye Avenue, Guangzhou 510632, China.
Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 8, 2025
Summary
Transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGF-β3) suppresses osteoclast formation and bone resorption by enhancing autophagy. This discovery offers potential therapeutic strategies for bone diseases like osteoporosis.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Science
- Cell Biology
- Bone Metabolism
Background:
- TGF-β3 aids bone defect healing but its role in osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption is unclear.
- Understanding TGF-β3's impact on osteogenesis and osteolysis is crucial for bone health.
- Osteoporosis involves imbalanced bone remodeling, necessitating research into factors influencing osteoclast activity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of TGF-β3 on osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying TGF-β3's influence on bone metabolism.
- To assess the potential of TGF-β3 as a therapeutic agent for bone loss.
Main Methods:
- Transcriptome analysis of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) treated with TGF-β3.
- Assessment of osteoclast formation and bone resorption using TRAP staining and resorption lacunae assays.
- Autophagy analysis in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) via MDC staining, electron microscopy, and LC3 immunofluorescence.
- Gene and protein expression analysis (RT-qPCR, Western Blot) in BMMs.
- Trans-well co-culture system to evaluate hPDLSCs' effect on BMM osteoclastic differentiation.
Main Results:
- TGF-β3 treatment up-regulated RANKL expression in hPDLSCs during osteogenesis.
- TGF-β3 modulated autophagy characteristics during osteoclast differentiation in BMMs.
- 10 ng/mL TGF-β3 significantly suppressed osteoclastic differentiation and bone resorption in BMMs (p < 0.05).
- TGF-β3 enhanced LC3-II expression, stimulating autophagy and restraining osteoclastic resorption.
Conclusions:
- TGF-β3 inhibits osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption.
- TGF-β3-induced autophagy plays a key role in suppressing osteoclastic activity.
- These findings highlight TGF-β3's potential as a therapeutic target for osteoporosis and related bone diseases.
Related Concept Videos
01:16TGF - β Signaling Pathway
7.2K
The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors...
7.2K
01:31Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling
2.8K
Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
2.8K
01:40Bone Remodeling
38.1K
Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
38.1K
01:17Hormones and Bone Tissue
2.6K
The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
2.6K
01:15Receptor Downregulation in MVBs
2.0K
Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive EGFR...
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive EGFR...
2.0K
01:21Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis
4.4K
Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
4.4K