Nd:Yag Laser Transluminal Embolysis: A Therapeutic Approach in Retinal Artery Occlusion

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Vascular Medicine
• Medical Technology

Background:

• Central and branch retinal artery occlusions (CRAO and BRAO) cause acute vision loss, often linked to systemic vascular disease.
• Embolic events are the primary cause, leading to retinal ischemia.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the 10-year efficacy of Transluminal Nd:YAG Embolysis (TYE) for lysing retinal artery emboli.
• To assess visual outcomes and safety of TYE in patients with CRAO and BRAO.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective case series of 18 patients treated with 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser TYE between 2014 and 2024.
• Detailed analysis of clinical and interventional aspects, including specific case examples.

Main Results:

• TYE successfully restored blood flow in occluded retinal arteries.
• Variable but generally favorable visual outcomes were observed.
• Procedures were well-tolerated with minor, self-resolving complications.

Conclusions:

• TYE is a viable, minimally invasive treatment for retinal artery occlusions with visible emboli, especially when performed early.
• TYE improves visual outcomes and reduces vision loss risk compared to observation.
• Further research with larger cohorts is recommended to refine TYE protocols.